Behavior of total alkaline phosphatase after radium-233 therapy in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer: a single-center, real-world retrospective study / Estudo retrospectivo de vida-real, em centro único, para avaliação do comportamento da fosfatase alcalina total após terapia com rádio-223 no câncer de próstata resistente a castração

Abstract Objective: To describe the behavior of total alkaline phosphatase (tALP) in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer receiving radium-223 therapy, in a real-world scenario, and to describe overall survival (OS) among such patients. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective study involving 97 patients treated between February 2017 and September 2020. Patients were stratified by the baseline tALP (normal/elevated). A tALP response was defined as a ≥ 30% reduction from baseline at week 12. For patients with elevated baseline tALP, we also evaluated treatment response as a ≥ 10% reduction in tALP after the first cycle of treatment. We defined OS as the time from the first treatment cycle to the date of death. Results: There was a significant reduction in the median tALP after each cycle of treatment (p < 0.05 for all). Data for tALP at week 12 were available for 71 of the 97 patients. Of those 71 patients, 26 (36.6%) responded. Elevated baseline tALP was observed in 47 patients, of whom 19 (40.4%) showed a response. Longer OS was observed in the patients with normal baseline tALP, in those with elevated baseline tALP that showed a response to treatment (≥ 10% reduction), and in those who received 5-6 cycles of therapy. Conclusion: The tALP may be used to predict which patients will benefit from treatment with a greater number of cycles of radium-223 therapy and will have longer OS.

Resumo Objetivo: Descrever o comportamento da fosfatase alcalina total (tALP) em pacientes com carcinoma de próstata metastático resistente a castração, submetidos a terapia com rádio-223 em um cenário do mundo real, e a sobrevida global (SG) desses pacientes. Materiais e Métodos: Estudo retrospectivo envolvento 97 pacientes, no período de fevereiro/2017 a setembro/2020. Os pacientes foram estratificados de acordo com a tALP basal (normal/elevada). A resposta à tALP foi definida como uma redução em relação à linha de base de ≥ 30% na semana-12. Para pacientes com tALP basal elevada, também foi avaliada a resposta ao tratamento como uma redução de ≥ 10% de tALP após o primeiro ciclo. A SG foi definida como o tempo entre o primeiro ciclo e a data do óbito. Resultados: A redução da tALP média após cada ciclo foi significativa (p < 0,05). A tALP na semana 12 estava disponível para 71 dos 97 pacientes. Desses 71 pacientes, 26 (36,6%) responderam. Dezenove (40,4%) dos 47 pacientes com tALP elevada apresentaram resposta. Foi observada uma SG mais longa nos pacientes com tALP basal normal, nos pacientes com tALP basal elevada que apresentaram resposta ao tratamento (redução de ≥ 10%) e nos pacientes que receberam 5-6 ciclos. Conclusão: A tALP pode ser usada para prever parte dos pacientes que se beneficiarão do tratamento com um maior número de ciclos e uma SG mais longa.

Tell me who your friends are?! The mediating role of friends' use in cannabis abuse

Abstract Objectives To evaluate the relationship between age at onset of cannabis use and cannabis abuse in a sample of Portuguese cannabis users, testing the mediating role of the number of friends using cannabis and comparing these relationships between male and female subsets. Method A sample of 529 Portuguese cannabis users comprising 276 males and 244 females aged from 14 to 21 years completed a sociodemographic questionnaire, the Cannabis Abuse Screening Test (CAST), and answered four questions related to cannabis use. Data were analyzed using the PROCESS macro in SPSS version 26.0. Results Age at onset of cannabis use was negatively related to the number of friends using cannabis, while the number of friends using cannabis had a positive relationship with cannabis abuse. As predicted, the number of friends using cannabis seems to have a mediating role in the relationship between cannabis onset age use and cannabis abuse, since the indirect effect was found to be significant. The pattern of the relationships among the variables observed was found to be similar for both male and female subsets of the sample. However, males reported higher cannabis abuse than females. Conclusion The results highlight the mediating role of friends' use of cannabis in the relationship between age at onset of cannabis use and users' abuse. These results highlight the importance of early intervention in cannabis use. In particular, the pattern of the relationships observed among the studied variables emphasizes the need to monitor and conduct peer training interventions or interventions to promote of social skills.

Vitamin D status and prevalence of hypovitaminosis D in different genders throughout life stages: A Brazilian cross-sectional study

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the mean concentration of 25-hydroxivitamin D [25(OH) D] and prevalence of hypovitaminosis D in individuals residing in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. METHODS: The data of 80,000 consecutive individuals who had 25(OH) D measurements performed by electrochemiluminescence between 1/2/2018 and 2/5/2018 were selected. Patients who reported the use of therapies/supplements were excluded. Levels of 25(OH) D ≥20 ng/mL (ages <60 years) and ≥30 ng/mL (ages ≥60 years) were considered adequate. RESULTS: We analyzed the data of 24,074 individuals (1-95 years old, 64.7% female). Descriptive curves showed that, in both sexes, the mean values of 25(OH) D decreased from the first years of life until adolescence, then slightly increased, and then tended to stabilize during adulthood. Levels of 25(OH) D <20 ng/mL were observed in 6% of girls versus 3.6% of boys and in 13.6% of adolescent girls versus 12.6% of adolescent boys and 11% of adults. The percentage of seniors with serum levels of 25(OH) D <20 ng/mL was 13.6% in women and 12.7% in men; 53.2% of women and 50.6% of men had levels <30 ng/mL. CONCLUSIONS: Mean 25(OH) D values were higher in children and lower in adolescents and women. Approximately 90% of non-seniors and presumably healthy residents of the urban metropolitan region of Rio de Janeiro presented satisfactory levels of 25(OH) D during the summer months; however, in over half of the elderly, the serum concentrations of 25(OH) D were inadequate. Therefore, strategies for the prevention of hypovitaminosis D should be considered in the senior population.

Criminal records of violence involving venezuelans in a city of north Brazil

Introduction: Refugee crisis is a problem faced worldwide. The large borders with neighbouring countries make Brazil a potential destination for most of those seeking for a new life in South America. Venezuela currently fights the worst humanitarian crisis in the history of the country, and migration to Brazil emerges as an option. Living in border regions, these people are more susceptible to violence. Objective: This study aimed to revisit the medico-legal records of a city in North Brazil to calculate rates of Venezuelans involved in situations of violence. Material and methods: Medico-legal records of the city of Pacaraima, Roraima, Brazil, dated from 2013 and 2018, were revisited. The nationality of victims and perpetrators of violent actions were noted as well as the type of crime. Results: In 2013 (n = 86, 39.3%) and 2018 (n = 133, 60.7%), 219 forensic records were documented. Venezuelans were involved in 63 forensic reports (28.7%) ­ one in 2013 and 62 in 2018. Most of the reports were related to bodily integrity investigations (n = 169, 77.2%). Conclusion: This study highlights the importance of building-up social strategies to support Venezuelans and Brazilians living in the city of Pacaraima, as the number of forensic reports increased 54.7% from 2013 to 2018. This data might reflect the increase of violence in the border region, in which Venezuelans and Brazilians may figure as victims and perpetrators.

COVID-19 in hematology: data from a hematologic and transplant unit

ABSTRACT During the COVID-19 pandemic, special attention has been addressed in cancer care to mitigate the impact on the patient's prognosis. We addressed our preparation to face COVID-19 pandemic in a Hematological and Stem Cell Transplant Unit in Brazil during the first two months of COVID-19 pandemic and described COVID-19 cases in patients and health care workers (HCW). Modifications in daily routines included a separation of area and professionals, SARS-CoV-2 screening protocols, and others. A total of 47 patients and 54 HCW were tested for COVID-19, by PCR-SARS-CoV-2. We report 11 cases of COVID-19 in hematological patients (including 2 post stem cell transplant) and 28 cases in HCW. Hematological cases were most severe or moderate and presented with several poor risk factors. Among HCW, COVID-19 were mostly mild, and all recovered without hospitalization. A cluster was observed among HCW. Despite a decrease in the number of procedures, the Transplant Program performed 8 autologous and 4 allogeneic SCT during the period, and 49 onco-hematological patients were admitted to continuing their treatments. Although we observed a high frequency of COVID-19 among patients and HCW, showing that SARS-CoV-2 is disseminated in Brazil, hematological patients were safely treated during pandemic times.

Social networks as tools for the prevention and promotion of health among youth

Abstract The emergence of information and communication technologies (ICT) has generated a number of research questions, related to their use and potential risk, but also potentials for prevention or health promotion. Online social networks have become an important source of information for users as well as a tool for social relations. As traditional social networks, they can act as vehicles to improve the health of adolescents and youth, as well as play a key role in an educational context. The aim of this work is then to explore the theoretical relevance of ICT, particularly on online social networks, on disease prevention and health promotion of communicable diseases. Literature review points out the role of online social networks, particularly in the field of sexual health, body image, especially eating habits and overweight, as well as smoking and alcohol dependence. Data allow us to understand how online social network behavior and interaction is related to their burden and interventions developed in sexual health and addiction show positive results. More efforts in body image are needed in order to use these tools for prevention and promotion of health from early age.

Ansiedade, depressão e estresse em estudantes universitários: o impacto da COVID-19 / Anxiety, depression and stress in university students: the impact of COVID-19

A pandemia e a inerente alteração de comportamentos, a par da parca previsibilidade, geraram maior ansiedade na população. Nesse sentido, este trabalho teve como objetivo analisar se os níveis de depressão, ansiedade e estresse em estudantes universitários se alteraram no período pandêmico (2020) comparativamente a períodos anteriores/normais. O estudo foi constituído por dois grupos, sendo a amostra 1 constituída por 460 sujeitos com idade média de 20,14 anos, e a amostra 2 por 159 sujeitos com idade média de 20,40 anos. Todos preencheram um questionário sociodemográfico e as escalas de ansiedade, depressão e estresse. Os estudantes que integraram o estudo no período pandêmico apresentaram níveis significativamente mais elevados de depressão, ansiedade e estresse comparativamente aos que integraram o estudo no período normal. Os resultados sugerem um impacto psicológico negativo da pandemia nos estudantes. Importa continuar a explorar as implicações da pandemia na saúde mental dos estudantes, para que se possam prevenir e minorar os seus efeitos.

The pandemic and the attendant change in behavior, together with the general unpredictability, has generated great anxiety in the population. In this context, the aim of this study was to analyze whether the levels of depression, anxiety and stress in university students have changed during the period of the pandemic (2020) compared with the previous normality. This study comprised two groups, in which sample-1 is composed of 460 subjects with a mean age of 20.14 and sample-2, 159 subjects with a mean age of 20.40. All the participants completed a sociodemographic questionnaire and were assessed by way of the Anxiety, Depression and Stress Scales. The students evaluated during the period of the pandemic presented significantly higher levels of anxiety, depression and stress, compared with students in erstwhile, normal times. Our results suggest that the pandemic has a negative psychological effect on students. It is important to continue exploring the implications of the pandemic on students' mental health, so that its effects can be prevented, or at least mitigated.

A vocação mística da psicanálise / The mystical vocation of psychoanalysis

Esse estudo pretende pensar na psicanálise enquanto uma prática clínica essencialmente compatível com certas características dos fenômenos místicos, os que lhe permite abordá-los clinicamente. Iniciamos o texto apresentando nossa compreensão de mística como um fenômeno de alteridade ontológica, ao contrário de uma produção subjetiva do ser humano. A partir disso, abordamos três características da psicanálise que a tornam relevantes para uma clínica dos fenômenos místicos: seu método apofático, sua prática de desconstrução identitária do "eu" e sua inscrição antropológica entre o universal e o particular. Finalizamos o estudo, dessa maneira, pensando na possível função clínica da psicanálise ao abordar a mística, a partir da ideia de adoecimentos espirituais

This study intends to reflect on psychoanalysis as a clinical practice essentially compatible with certain characteristics of mystical phenomena, wich enables it to clinically approach them. We start the text introducing our understanding of mysticism as a phenomenon of alterity, rather than a subjective production of the human being. Through such idea, we approach three characteristics of apophatic method, its practice of deconstructing the identity of the "I" and its anthropological inscription between the universal and the particular. Thus, we finalize the study, thinking about the possible clinical function of psychoanalysis when approaching the mystic, based on the idea of spiritual illness

Preditores do uso do Facebook pelos adolescentes portugueses: Contributos de um estudo exploratório / Predictors of Facebook use among Portuguese adolescents: Contributes of an exploratory study

Resumo A generalização do uso das redes sociais online, tem trazido oportunidades e constrangimentos ao mesmo tempo-ou até mais depressa-que a investigação e o conhecimento sobre este tópico. Neste trabalho, pretendemos explorer o papel de variáveis pessoais e psicossociais no uso do Facebook, recorrendo a um conjunto de questionários de autorrelato junto de uma amostra de 386 adolescentes portugueses. Os resultados obtidos permitem verificar diferenças na utilização em função do género, uma relação positiva com a idade, a autorregulação e autoestima, sendo a interação com pares da sua rede de contactos offline o mais forte preditor para o uso das redes sociais. Estes dados sugerem o papel desta aplicação como um meio para manter o contacto com os pares.

Abstract The widespread use of social networks has brought opportunities and constraints at the same time, even faster than research and knowledge on this topic. In this paper, we intend to explore the role of personal and psychosocial variables in Facebook use, considering a set of self-report questionnaires to a sample of 386 Portuguese adolescents. We found gender differences in social network use, a positive relationship with age, self-regulation and self-esteem, with peer interaction with offline contacts as the strongest predictor for social network use. These data suggest the role of this application as a mean to maintain contact with peers.

Importância pericial dos sistemas de notação dental – revisão de literatura / Forensic importance of the dental notation systems – a review

Em algumas circunstâncias, o conhecimento de sistemas de notação dentais utilizados internacionalmente pode ser importante para a avaliação dos documentos odontológicos apresentados. O objetivo desse trabalho é revisar a literatura, exemplificando e descrevendo os principais sistemas,permitindo a sua identificação e compreensão. Com as informações apresentadas será possível atranscrição de prontuários que utilizem sistemas diferentes dos encontrados no Brasil. Devido àsemelhança entre os sistemas e sua utilização restrita aos profissionais da odontologia, recomenda-seque sempre seja avaliado o sistema presente nas documentações como etapa inicial. Também deve serdescrita, de maneira objetiva, qual a notação dental utilizada em laudos e pareceres.

In some circumstances, the knowledge of dental numbering that are in use internationally maybe useful when analyzing dental charts presented. The objective of this study is to review theliterature, to give examples and to describe the main numbering systems, allowing itsidentification and comprehension when necessary. With this information it will be possible toread and transcribe the dental records that present other numbering system than the onesfound in Brazil. Due to similarity between systems, and it’s restrict use by dental professionals, itis recommended that one always analyze the notation system as a first step. In addition, thesystem is in use should be clearly described, when writing forensic reports.

New strategies to improve results of mesh surgeries for vaginal prolapses repair – an update

ABSTRACTThe use of meshes has become the first option for the treatment of soft tissue disorders as hernias and stress urinary incontinence and widely used in vaginal prolapse's treatment. However, complications related to mesh issues cannot be neglected. Various strategies have been used to improve tissue integration of prosthetic meshes and reduce related complications. The aim of this review is to present the state of art of mesh innovations, presenting the whole arsenal which has been studied worldwide since composite meshes, coated meshes, collagen's derived meshes and tissue engineered prostheses, with focus on its biocompatibility and technical innovations, especially for vaginal prolapse surgery.

Soil macrofauna in wooded pasture with legume trees / Macrofauna do solo em pasto arborizado com leguminosas arbóreas

Grasslands afforestation aims at adding different soil uses in a way they become profitable for their owners. As such handling aims at minimizing impacts, the current study had as its goal the use of soil macrofauna in order to evaluate legume afforestation effects on the soil, regardless the depth. Thus, nitrogen fixing species were inserted onto grassland areas and the macrofauna collection was performed 6 years after their planting in the 0-10cm, 10-20cm and 20.30cm layers, in winter and summer. Leguminous influence was different between depths and times of the year. It mostly favors communities under "Mimosa" Genus treetops. Besides, the effects from climatic seasonal variations on invertebrates were mitigated by the implementation of such legume trees.

A arborização de pastagens visa a agregar diferentes usos do solo de um modo rentável a seu proprietário. Como este manejo visa a minimizar impactos, este trabalho objetivou utilizar a macrofauna do solo para avaliar os efeitos que a arborização por leguminosas causa sobre o solo, em suas diferentes profundidades. Para isso, foram inseridas espécies fixadoras de nitrogênio em uma pastagem, sendo a coleta da macrofauna realizada 6 anos após o plantio, nas camadas 0-10cm, 10-20cm e 20-30cm, no verão e inverno. A influência das leguminosas se deu de modo diferenciado entre as profundidades e estações do ano, com maior favorecimento da comunidade sob a copa das árvores do gênero Mimosa. Além disso, o efeito da variação sazonal climática sobre os invertebrados foi amenizada com a implantação das leguminosas arbóreas.

O lugar da mística na clínica psicanalítica / The position of mysticism in psychoanalytic clinic

Esse estudo trata das relações entre a mística e a Psicanálise. No início, busca-se encontrar uma definição para conceitos centrais ao tema, como "espiritualidade", "religião" e "religiosidade". Em seguida, justifica-se a importância clinica de pesquisar o assunto, tendo em vista tanto uma preocupação com a conduta terapêutica de tais fenômenos quanto a compreensão de que a mística nos convida a refletir sobre os fundamentos da condição humana como um todo. Partindo da concepção clínica de Gilberto Safra e da divisão feita por William Parsons entre categorias de compreensão do tema, se abordará o tratamento da mística na clínica psicanalítica numa dupla perspectiva hermenêutica - em que ela pode ser compreendida enquanto fruto de dinâmicas psíquicas ou, ao contrário, como experiência de alteridade ontológica. Por fim, serão apresentados alguns dos diferentes modos pelos quais a mística foi abordada na história da Psicanálise, problema que leva a uma revisão e a um questionamento das fundações dos modelos antropológicos subjacentes às variadas perspectivas clínicas.(AU)

This study approaches the relationship between mysticism and Psychoanalysis. First, there is a brief introduction that defines central concepts such as "spirituality", "religion" and "religiosity". Afterwards, there is an attempt to justify the clinical importance of the subject, both in terms of the therapeutic conduction of mystical phenomenon and the way in which mysticism invites us to reflect about the foundations of the human condition as a whole. Based on the clinical conceptions of Gilberto Safra and on the division of categories regarding the understanding of mysticism made by William Parsons, this subject will be presented in a double hermeneutical perspective ­ in a way that mysticism can be understood as the result of psychical dynamics or, on the contrary, as an experience of ontological alterity. Finally, some of the different ways in which mysticism has been understood in the history of Psychoanalysis will be briefly presented; issue that brings to a revision and a questioning of the foundations of the anthropological models underlying the various clinical perspectives.(AU)

Adaptação da escala de estratégias de coping na adolescência numa amostra Portuguesa / Adaptation of the adolescent coping strategies scale in a Portuguese sample / Adaptación de la escala de estrategias de afrontamiento en la adolescencia en una muestra Portuguesa

A adolescência é uma fase desenvolvimental marcada por desafios. No sentido de conhecer melhor as estratégias que os adolescentes utilizam para lidar com o stress, pretendeu-se com este estudo apresentar as propriedades psicométricas da Escala de Estratégias de Coping na Adolescência (Burnett & Fanshawe, 1997), testada junto de uma amostra de adolescentes portugueses, explorando diferenças em função do género e da idade. Os resultados permitiram encontrar uma estrutura factorial válida e com consistência interna genericamente adequada. Os dados permitem perceber diferenças nas estratégias de coping, com as moças a procurar mais apoio dos outros e melhoria pessoal, enquanto os rapazes utilizam mais frequentemente drogas ou o humor. Em função da idade verificouse uma relação positiva com o uso de substâncias e diminuição da procura de apoio da família e de profissionais. Os dados são discutidos à luz da literatura e implicações para a prática são apresentadas.

Adolescence is a developmental period marked by challenges. In order to better understand the strategies that adolescents use to cope with stress, it is intended with this study to present the psychometric properties of the Adolescent Coping Strategies Scale (Fanshawe & Burnett, 1997), tested with a sample of Portuguese adolescents, exploring differences by gender and age. The results allowed to find a valid and generally adequate internal consistency factor structure. The data allow to discern differences in coping strategies, with the girls to seek more support from others and personal improvement, while boys more often use of drugs or humor. We found a positive relationship between age and substance use and decreased demand for support from family and professionals. The data are discussed according to literature and implications for practice are presented.

La adolescencia es un periodo de desarrollo marcado por los desafíos. En el presente estudio se presentan las propiedades psicométricas de la Escala de Estrategias de Afrontamiento en la Adolescencia (Fanshawe y Burnett, 1997) con el fin de comprender mejor las estrategias que utilizan los adolescentes para hacer frente al estrés. El instrumento ha sido probado en una muestra de adolescentes portugueses, explorando las diferencias por sexo y edad. Los resultados permitieron encontrar una estructura factorial con una consistencia interna válida y adecuada. Los datos permiten discernir las diferencias en las estrategias de supervivencia, donde las chicas tienden a buscar más apoyo de los demás y la mejora personal, mientras que los chicos emplean más a menudo el consumo de drogas o el demanda del humor. Dependiendo de la edad se verifica una relación con el consumo de sustancias y la disminución de la demanda de apoyo familiar y profesional. Los datos se analizan en base a la literatura y se presentan las implicaciones para la práctica.

Effects of immunosuppression with tacrolimus and mycophenolate mofetil on renal histology and function in single kidney rats submitted to ischemia and reperfusion

PURPOSE: To evaluate renal histological changes and renal function in single kidney rats submitted to renal ischemia-reperfusion and to immunosuppression with tacrolimus and mycophenolate-mofetil. METHODS: Experimental study with 80 Wistar rats distributed into control, Sham and six other groups treated with immunosuppressive drugs. Animals undergoing surgery, right nephrectomy and left renal clamping, killed on the 14th day and analyzed for renal histology, urea and creatinine. RESULTS: The group receiving tacrolimus at higher doses (T3) showed renal histological lesions indicative of early nephrotoxicity, and significant increase in urea and creatinine. The group M (mycophenolate-mofetil alone) and the group M2 (mycophenolate-mofetil combined with half the usual dose of tacrolimus) presented a slight rise in serum urea. The groups using mycophenolate-mofetil alone or combined with tacrolimus showed creatinine levels similar to that of the group T3. CONCLUSIONS: Histologically, the association of injury by ischemia-reperfusion with the use of tacrolimus or mycophenolate-mofetil alone demonstrated a higher rate of renal changes typical of early nephrotoxicity. In laboratory, the combination of injury by ischemia-reperfusion with tacrolimus at higher doses proved to be nephrotoxic. .

The adolescent self-regulatory inventory (ASRI) adaptation to portuguese context / Adaptação do inventário de autorregulação na adolescência para o contexto português / Adaptación del inventario de autorregulación en la adolescencia para el contexto portugués

In this study we present the results of the adaptation of the Adolescent Self-Regulatory Inventory (ASRI) to Portugal. The measure was used with two samples of high school students to which ASRI was administered with Self-Regulation Scale as control measure. In the first study the measures were administered to 823 adolescents and the construct validity analysis was assessed with exploratory factor analysis. The results allow us to find an adequate structure with proper psychometric properties, in their construct and content validity, and reliability. A second study involved 435 adolescents, being tested three models using confirmatory factor analyses. The final version of the ASRI-2 presents an acceptable fit of the data in construct and concurrent validity, given its moderate or high correlation with academic success and substance use. The implications of this new approach to the self-regulation study are discussed and directions to further studies are suggested...

O objetivo deste estudo foi apresentar os resultados da adaptação do Inventário de Autorregulação na Adolescência (IARA) para Portugal. O instrumento foi testado com duas amostras de estudantes do ensino secundário com a Escala de Autorregulação como medida de controle. No primeiro estudo, os instrumentos foram testados junto de 823 adolescentes e a análise de validade de construto foi feita com recurso à análise factorial exploratória. Os resultados indicaram uma estrutura apropriada com propriedades psicométricas adequadas referentes à validade de conteúdo e construto, e fidelidade. Um segundo estudo envolveu 435 adolescentes, sendo testados três modelos com análise factorial confirmatória. A versão final do IARA-2 apresenta valores de ajustamento aceitáveis em termos de validade de contruto e concorrente, dadas as correlações moderadas a elevadas com o sucesso acadêmico e uso de substâncias. As implicações desta nova abordagem ao estudo da autorregulação são discutidas e direções para próximos estudos são sugeridas...

En este estudio se presentan los resultados de la adaptación del Inventario de Autorregulación en la Adolescencia (IARA) para Portugal. El instrumento fue administrado con dos muestras de estudiantes de secundarias públicas con la Escala de Autorregulación como medida de control. En el primer estudio, los instrumentos fueron testados con 823 adolescentes y la validez de constructo se evaluó con análisis factorial exploratorio. Los resultados indicaron una estructura apropiada con propiedades psicométricas adecuadas respecto a su validez de contenido y constructo y fidelidad. Un segundo estudio involucró 435 adolescentes, testando tres modelos con análisis factorial confirmatoria. La versión final del IARA-2 muestra valores de ajuste satisfactorios en términos de validez concurrente y de constructo, ante las correlaciones moderadas a altas con el éxito académico y uso de sustancias. Las implicaciones de este nuevo enfoque para el estudio de la autorregulación son discutidas y direcciones para futuros estudios son sugeridas...

Evidência documental X evidência biológica para estimativa da idade? Relato de caso pericial / Documental vs. biological evidence for age estimation? Forensic case report

Objetivo: a estimativa da idade em indivíduos vivos, com finalidade legal, reveste-se de complexidade e necessita de uma abordagem multidisciplinar para determinar um intervalo de tempo confiável para a idade cronológica do periciando. Objetivou-se relatar um caso de estimativa de idade no vivo em um indivíduo que alegou ter menos de 18 anos (idade de maior idade legal), a despeito de documentos oficiais apontarem o contrário. Relato de caso: indivíduo do sexo masculino, detido por prática criminosa executada em 21/01/2010 foi encaminhado para perícia odonto legal para exame de estimativa de idade. Durante aidentificação do indiciado, apresentou certidão que exibia data de nascimento de 05/04/1991, tendo 18 anos e 10 meses quando cometeu o crime. Porém, alegou ser menor de idade, tendo nascido em 12/07/1992, possuindo, então, a idade de 17 anos e 6meses na data do delito. A alegação de menoridade sustentava--se no fato de seu registro teria sido incorreto, com erro na data de nascimento. Realizados exames intraoral e radiográfico panorâmico constatou-se maioria de dentes hígidos e presentes. À análise do desenvolvimento dentário por quatro metodologias diferentes ao exame radiográfico carpal por outras seis metodologias,constatou-se que os caracteres de desenvolvimento ematuração óssea eram incompatíveis com indivíduo maior de18 anos. Baseado na análise pericial, a sentença judicial determinou a imputabilidade legal baseado na legislação aplicável a menores de idade, a despeito de documentos oficiais apontarem o contrário, destacando a importância do exame pericial para estimativa de idade no vivo, com finalidade de determinação de imputabilidade legal.

Objective: age estimation of live individuals with legal purposes is complex and requires a multidisciplinary approach to determine a reliable time interval for the examined person. Objective was to report a case of age estimation in live individual who claimed to be younger than 18 years (age of legal majority), in spite of official documents state otherwise. Case report: a male, arrested for criminal practice perpetrated on 01/21/2010 was sent for forensic examination to forensic dental age estimation. During the identification of the suspect, it was presented a birth certificate dating of 04/05/1991, wich therefore indicated age of 18 years and 10 months when crime was commited. However, suspect claimed to be a minor, having been born on 07/12/1992, therefore being 17 years and 6 months old at the time of the offense. The claim of minority based in the fact that his record would have been done incorrectly, with a mistake on the date of birth. Intraoral and orthopantomographic radiological exams showed up most of teeth present and sound. Analysis of dental development by four different methodologies and radiographic examinationcarpal bones by six other methodologies, pointed out that developmentaland maturation features were incompatible with an individual older than 18 years. Based on forensic analysis, the court of law determined legal liability of the suspect based upon legislation applicable to minors, despite official documents that suggested otherwise, highlighting the importanceof expert examination to estimate age in live individuals, when determining legal liability of suspects.

Análise da morfologia labial com interesse para reconstrução facial forense / Analysis of lip morphology with interest to forensic facial reconstruction

A Reconstrução Facial Forense (RFF) é uma área da Antropologia Forense que busca aproximar a aparência de um indivíduo desconhecido por meio de reconstrução dos tecidos moles sobre seu crânio, após seu estudo antropológico. A RFF divulgada nos meios de comunicação visa a um reconhecimento, que pode desencadear um processo de identificação humana. Conhecer as relações entre tecidos duros e moles é essencial para se aumentar a precisão das RFFs. Neste estudo, buscou-se reunir informações antropométricas sobre a boca e suas proporções. Foram constituídas duas amostras a partir de um acervo de tomografias computadorizadas. A amostra 1 (n=327) consistiu em homens (n=127) e mulheres (n=185) entre 11 e 81 anos, divididos em seis faixas etárias e buscou verificar as distâncias lineares delimitadas por pontos anatômicos em tecido mole: altura da zona vermelha da boca, largura da boca, proporção entre os mesmos e possibilidade de se estimar a largura da boca a partir da distância intercanina. A amostra 2 (n=108) consistiu em homens (n=40) e mulheres (n=68) entre 20 e 81 anos, divididos em três faixas etárias e buscou verificar as proporções entre altura da zonas vermelha da boca, largura da boca e distâncias lineares entre pontos craniométricos em tecidos duros. As medições foram feitas com o programa OsiriX e os resultados foram analisados através de através de estatística descritiva para todas as variáveis estudadas, por meio da comparação entre as médias, os desvios padrão e as diferenças entre as médias, com intervalo de confiança de 95% (IC95%) e aceitando nível de significância de 5% (p<0,05). Para a amostra 1, a altura da zona vermelha correspondeu a aproximadamente 26% da largura da boca, em ambos os sexos, com tendência a diminuir ao longo do tempo. A largura da boca aumentou ao longo do tempo em homens e manteve-se estável em mulheres. À distância intercanina se atribuiu o valor médio de 75% da largura da boca, em homens, e 80% da largura da boca em mulheres. Para a amostra 2, à distância entre os pontos infradentale e supramentale se atribuiu em média 55% da altura da zona vermelha para ambos os sexos, e entre os pontos philtrum medium e supradentale, em média 85% da altura da zona vermelha em homens, e 88% da mesma medida em mulheres. À distância entre os forames mentuais, se atribuiu em média 97% da largura da boca em mulheres, e em homens 93% deste valor. A reunião de dados antropométricos da boca para a população brasileira pode contribuir para aumentar a precisão das RFFs e auxiliar a identificação humana.

Forensic Facial Reconstruction (FFR) is an area of Forensic Anthropology that seeks to approximate the appearance of an unknown individual by reconstructing soft tissues over ones skull after an anthropological analysis. The FFR published in the media aims at a recognition, which can trigger a process of human identification. Knowing the relationship between hard and soft tissues is crucial to increase the accuracy of FFRs. In this study, we sought to gather anthropometric information on the mouth and its proportions. Two samples were taken from a collection of CBCT scans. Sample 1 (n=327) consisted of men (n=127) and women (n=185) aged between 11 and 81 years old, divided into six age groups and verified the linear distances defined by anatomical landmarks in soft tissue: vermillion height, mouth width, the proportion between these and the possibility of estimating mouth width from the intercanine distance. Sample 2 (n=108) consisted of men (n=40) and women (n=68) aged between 20 and 81 years old, divided into three age groups, and verified the proportions between the vermilllions of the mouth, mouth width and linear distances marked in bony craniometrical landmarks. The measurements were made in OsiriX software and the results were analyzed by averages, standard deviations and differences between the averages. For sample 1, vermillion height corresponded to approximately 26% of mouth width, in both genders, with a tendency to decrease over time. Mouth width increased over time in men, and kept stable values in women. The intercanine distance corresponded to about 75% of mouth width in men, and 80% of the mouth width in women. For sample 2, the distance between the landmarks infradentale and supramentale and was on average 55% of the vermillion height in both genders, and the distance between the landmarks philtrum medium and supradentale was about 85% of the vermillion height in men and about 88% of the same measure, in women. The distance between the mental foramina was on average 97% of the mouth width in women, and 93% of this distance in men. Gathering anthropometric information on the mouth for the Brazilian population can contribute to increase the accuracy of FFRs and assist human identification.

A experiência de intervenção feita por alunos de psicologia numa escola pública em Minas Gerais / The intervention experience made by a group of Psychology students in a public state school in Minas Gerais

O presente trabalho relata a experiência da intervenção feita por alunos de Psicologia de uma universidade mineira, durante o Estágio Básico. A prática ocorreu numa escola pública estadual de uma comunidade rural. As atividades tiveram como objetivo refletir sobre o tema da diversidade e sobre a cultura como instrumento político de valorização das identidades culturais minorizadas. Os resultados apontam para o despreparo da escola em lidar com a diversidade cultural e para a necessidade de um investimento na relação escola-alunos. Aponta também a importância dessa aprendizagem para a construção de uma visão crítica da realidade brasileira nos estudantes de Psicologia.

This work reports on an experience made by psychology students from a university of Minas Gerais during basic internship. The experience was carried out at a public state school, in a rural area. The activities were designed to reflect on the theme of diversity and culture as a political tool for the appreciation of minority cultural identities. The results show that the school is not prepared to handle cultural diversity and indicates the necessity of investment in actions which improve the relationship between school and students. The results also show the importance of this learning experience for the building of a critical view of the Brazilian reality by psychology students.

Considerations on the hiring process of dentists in Brazilian public health service and its legal repercussions / Considerações sobre o provimento do cargo de cirurgião-dentista no SUS e suas repercussões legais

It is important to comply with the administrative and regulatoryrequirements in hiring and provision of position for Dentists thatunderwent public admission examinations to operate on public health service. The activity provided by dental general practitioner ormember of a Family Health Team-FHT is characterized by continuous and indispensable health services to the population. Therefore, it is recommended that these positions, whenever possible, be filled by public admission examinations. This paper aims to report a case of investigation by the Public Ministry with forensic dental counseling, in which aspects of provision of position and operation of Dentists of the FHT and general practitioners in the Brazilian public health system were compared, addressing the ethical and legal aspects inherent to the subject. In the case studied it was found that the functions performed by Dentists who work in the FHT and Basic Health Units are similar to each other, and that no technical requirements allowing one to differ them from another were noticed. It is emphasized that municipal managers must respect the legal principles concerning the provision of position for professionals to work in the public health service, under penalty of having their professional conducts investigated by the Public Ministry.

Faz-se importante a observância das exigências administrativas elegais na contratação e nomeação de Cirurgiões-Dentistas (CDs)concursados para atuação no serviço público de saúde. A atividadeprestada pelo CD clínico geral ou integrante de uma Equipe de Saúdeda Família (ESF) é caracterizada, fundamentalmente, pelo atendimento contínuo à população, recomendando-se que, salvo desituações de exceção, os profissionais devem ser escolhidos por concurso público. Este trabalho objetivou relatar um caso deinvestigação realizada pelo Ministério Público (MP) comassessoramento odontolegal, onde se comparou aspectos da nomeação e atuação de CDs da ESF e CDs clínicos-gerais no SUS, abordando os aspectos éticos e legais inerentes ao tema. Apurou-seque as funções desempenhadas pelos cirurgiões-dentistas quetrabalham nas ESF e nas Unidades Básicas de Saúde (SUS), no caso estudado, são semelhantes entre si, sendo que não se observaram requisitos técnicos diferenciadores entre as atividades. Ressalta-se que os gestores municipais devem respeitar os princípios legais que regem a nomeação destes profissionais para atuarem emserviço público de saúde, sob pena de serem investigados pelo MP em suas condutas.